“You have manipulated product reviews on our site. This is against our policies. As a result, you may no longer sell on Amazon.com, and your listings have been removed from our site.”

Last August, Zac Plansky woke to find that the rifle scopes he was selling on Amazon had received 16 five-star reviews overnight. Usually, that would be a good thing, but the reviews were strange. The scope would normally get a single review a day, and many of these referred to a different scope, as if they’d been cut and pasted from elsewhere. “I didn’t know what was going on, whether it was a glitch or whether somebody was trying to mess with us,” Plansky says.

As a precaution, he reported the reviews to Amazon. Most of them vanished days later — problem solved — and Plansky reimmersed himself in the work of running a six-employee, multimillion-dollar weapons accessory business on Amazon. Then, two weeks later, the trap sprang. “You have manipulated product reviews on our site,” an email from Amazon read. “This is against our policies. As a result, you may no longer sell on Amazon.com, and your listings have been removed from our site.”

Source: Prime and Punishment

A rival had framed Plansky for buying five-star reviews, a high crime in the world of Amazon. The funds in his account were immediately frozen, and his listings were shut down. Getting his store back would take him on a surreal weeks-long journey through Amazon’s bureaucracy, one that began with the click of a button at the bottom of his suspension message that read “appeal decision.”

A quick search online and on any Amazon seller forum will reveal countless stories of Amazon account suspensions. Amazon Terms of Service are long and not always intuitive, and reasons for suspension range from the obvious (e.g., horrible customer service, multiple products sold that don’t match the Amazon listings) to the obscure.

For instance, consider the story of the seller – let’s call him Chris – who had excellent seller metrics but ended up hiring a longtime friend to help with his flourishing Amazon business. This friend had previously had her own seller account, but thought she had closed it 2 or 3 years back. However, as soon as Chris granted his friend access to his seller account (using her personal email address that apparently was still linked to her old seller account), Amazon suspended both accounts.

Chris was able to appeal Amazon’s decision, and eventually able to reopen his seller account… 40 days later.

40 days. That’s a long time to be without what for most eCommerce brands is a significant portion of their revenue.

What would it mean to you to be without your Amazon sales for 40 days?

How much revenue would you lose over the 40 days?

Chris was a smaller seller, but big enough to work his business full time and pay himself from the profits. And account suspensions aren’t limited to smaller sellers – in 2017, one of the top 10 third-party sellers in the US had to deal with account suspension.

The downsides of having one seller on your product(s) aren’t limited to the loss of revenue due to a potential account suspension.

How are Sellers Vulnerable?

As has been described here, the number of dirty tricks available to bad actors on the Amazon platform – and their use of them – has steadily increased over the last year.

Just because your brand hasn’t yet been the victim of these tactics is no reason to believe that that will not change in the future.

Here are just a few ways that sellers are vulnerable:

Seller Buys Competitor’s Products

A seller buys his competitors’ items over and over and continually reports the item to Amazon as defective or counterfeit.  Eventually, Amazon places restrictions on the sellers account and demands supplier invoices.  Amazon takes a long time to verify the invoices (or they can’t verify them at all) and the seller is out of commission for weeks.

Seller Buys Fake Reviews For Competitor’s Products

A seller hires a company to leave a huge volume of positive reviews on their competitors’ listings. Amazon then goes after the innocent competitor for fraudulent reviews.

Competitor Hijacks Your Product Listings

A brand has a competitor literally copy their products, take over their own listings for themselves (hijacking), and then claim to Amazon that THEY have the real, legitimate listing.  Some have gone as far as to register another company’s trademark as their own in Brand Registry and then do takedowns of the true rights owner.

False Complaints of Dangerous Products

An electronic product seller has a competitor that buys a product from them and then claims to Amazon that it caught on fire. Some of them have astonishing pictures of the product burning as if it was lit with gasoline.  Amazon is very quick to kill listings for safety concerns.  The innocent seller then has to show proof of certification from independent third-party testing labs to get reinstated – an expensive and time-consuming proposition.

The Vendor Central Hack

A bad actor with a Vendor Central account changes a competitor’s listing to create bad buyer experiences.  Sometimes they change the dimensions or weight of the product so suddenly the seller is paying oversize fees on a small box and losing all of their margin on a product.  Other times they change the product picture or description so that the buyer is unhappy when they get their purchase.  When a change is made through Vendor Central, Amazon considers it a “retail contribution” and it is really hard to get them to fix the listing.

Competitor Uploads Obscene Photos to Your Listings

A recent client had a bad actor that was uploading obscene and vulgar pictures to all of his listings over and over again. He’d get it fixed with Amazon and within a few hours the horrible pictures were back.  These were all through normal flat file uploads to the Amazon platform.  Amazon couldn’t catch the bad actor because these were all stealth accounts and the bad actor used a different stealth account every time they uploaded. There was no point in blocking a seller account in other words. Buyers were literally screaming at the brand (IN ALL CAPS!!!) in the product reviews.  The brand’s listings plummeted in the organic search results.  Do you think Amazon will remove these bad reviews when the problem is fixed? Of course not. They never remove product reviews if they are from legitimate buyers.  The damage is done and will keep on killing those listings.

Further Reading

From the WSJ: Amazon Fires Employee for Sharing Customer Emails

From Forbes: The New Black Hat Tactics Amazon Sellers Are Using To Take Out Their Competition

From Webretailer: Are Black Hat Sellers Winning the Battle on the Amazon Marketplace?

What is the Business Impact?

Should your brand fall victim to any of the dirty tricks mentioned above, your brand will experience any or all of the following:

Loss of Revenue Due to No Amazon Sales

This is the obvious one, and is discussed above. Getting your account reinstated can occasionally be a quick process, but usually takes days or weeks, and in some cases accounts are permanently closed.

Amazon’s judgments are so severe that its own rules have become the ultimate weapon in the constant warfare of Marketplace. Sellers devise all manner of intricate schemes to frame their rivals, as Plansky experienced. They impersonate, copy, deceive, threaten, sabotage, and even bribe Amazon employees for information on their competitors.

Source: Prime and Punishment

Loss of Revenue Due to Drop in BSR

If your account is suspended, you’re automatically out of stock of certain products. This leads not only to loss of revenue in the short term, but can lead to a significant drop in Best Seller Rank (BSR).

Even once you’re back in stock, this lower BSR can in turn lead to lower sales, generating a negative feedback loop that can be difficult to break.

You may end up having to spend a significant sum on Pay Per Click (PPC) to raise your BSR back to where it was – assuming you even can!

Plansky’s Jeff letter was never answered, but after he’d sent it, a fellow Amazon seller at a local meet-up gave him the name of someone “high up” in the company. He emailed them, and shortly afterward, he got his account back. (Stine maintains that it was the Jeff letter that did it.) All told, he estimates his suspension cost him about $150,000 in sales.

Source: Prime and Punishment

Additional Benefits of Having Two Sellers

There is no reason to have 3, 5, 10 or more sellers of your products on Amazon. In fact, the more sellers you have, the more problems you will have; however, there are some very good reasons to have two sellers.

Inventory Management

Each seller will want to maintain stock no matter how many sellers are on a listing, but if there is only one seller, it’s crucial that that seller remains in stock – otherwise, you will have again a loss of revenue due to a drop in BSR (see above).

A second seller significantly buffers against the risk of running out of stock, even if there is a small issue on the supply end.

To guarantee your products stay in stock even as sales fluctuate, the single seller will need to maintain a much higher level of safety stock. This leads to additional cash invested in excess inventory as well as higher storage fees (and in 2017 Amazon raised 4th quarter storage fees drastically, so this isn’t insignificant).

Over the following days, Harris came to realize that someone had been targeting him for almost a year, preparing an intricate trap. While he had trademarked his watch and registered his brand, Dead End Survival, with Amazon, Harris hadn’t trademarked the name of his Amazon seller account, SharpSurvival. So the interloper did just that, submitting to the patent office as evidence that he owned the goods a photo taken from Harris’ Amazon listings, including one of Harris’ own hands lighting a fire using the clasp of his survival watch. The hijacker then took that trademark to Amazon and registered it, giving him the power to kick Harris off his own listings and commandeer his name.

Source: Prime and Punishment

In-House Expertise

When the single Amazon seller is the brand themselves versus a dedicated Amazon seller, the brand needs to – in one way or another – attain the expertise in selling on the Amazon platform, either by training, hiring internally, or hiring a consultant.

• Who is the Amazon listing expert?
• The Amazon PPC expert?
• Who will stay current on Amazon Terms of Service?

The cost of this internal expertise is often underestimated by brands who don’t consider the true cost of hiring, training, and payroll burden. There’s also the issue of being back at square one if the brand loses their internal expertise – which you inevitably will at some point because people don’t stay with one company for long these days.

Smart brands focus on what they excel at and outsource what they don’t.

Now, it’s also worth noting that there are many benefits to having limited sellers of your products.

JC Hewitt, whose law firm frequently works with Amazon sellers, calls the system’s mandatory guilty pleas, arbitrary verdicts, and obscure language “a Kafkaesque bureaucracy with bad writing.” Inscrutable rulings emerge as if from a black box. The Performance team, which handles suspensions, has no phone number; there’s no one to ask for clarification. The only way to interact with them is by filing an appeal, and when it’s rejected, sellers often have no idea why. Sellers can call another Amazon department, Seller Support, but those workers can’t provide information about the Performance team and can offer only generic advice about what the seller might have done wrong.

Source: Prime and Punishment

Benefits of Having Two Sellers on Your Amazon Listings

If your brand relies on 3rd party sellers to sell your products on Amazon, it’s critical to understand how the number of sellers on any given product listing will impact sales, pricing, customer service, and brand equity in general.

Generally speaking, the larger the number of sellers, the less control your brand will have over pricing, content, promotions, advertising, and customer service.

Brands who limit the number sellers on their Amazon listings have made a wise move in many respects.

With limited sellers:

• pricing control on the Amazon marketplace is simpler
• it is easier to control the content (images, text) on the Amazon listing
• the brand doesn’t have to work with numerous sellers to coordinate consistent promotions
• the brand can be represented with a consistent level of customer service

All of the above are even easier with only one seller, but are all very manageable when the brand sells alongside one or two responsive brand partners.

The Performance workers’ incentives favor rejection. They must process approximately one claim every four minutes, and reinstating someone who later gets suspended again counts against them, according to McCabe and others. When they fall behind, Stine says, they’ll often “punt” by sending requests for more information, as Harmon experienced.

Source: Prime and Punishment

Is It Worth the Risk?

In the end, the decision whether to have a single Amazon seller – or act as your own Amazon seller – is up to you.

If you have a single 3rd party seller on your listing, there is really no benefit. If you’re acting as your own seller, there can be a benefit in terms of profit – assuming, of course, you don’t get your account suspended.

Only you can answer the question, is it worth the risk?

Scammers have effectively weaponized Amazon’s anti-counterfeiting program. Attacks have become so widespread that they’ve even pulled in the US Patent and Trademark Office, which recently posted a warning that people were making unauthorized changes through its electronic filing system, likely “part of a scheme to register the marks of others on third-party ‘brand registries.’” Scammers had begun swapping out the email addresses on their rival’s trademark files, which can be done without a password, and using the new email to register their competitor’s brand with Amazon, gaining control of their listings. As Harris encountered, Amazon appears not to check whether a listing belongs to a brand already enrolled in brand registry. Stine has a client who had trademarked their party supply brand and registered it with Amazon, only to have a rival change their trademark file, register with Amazon, and hijack their listing for socks, which had things like “If you can read this, bring coffee” written on the soles.

There are more subtle methods of sabotage as well. Sellers will sometimes buy Google ads for their competitors for unrelated products — say, a dog food ad linking to a shampoo listing — so that Amazon’s algorithm sees the rate of clicks converting to sales drop and automatically demotes their product. They will go on the black market and purchase or rent seller accounts with special editing privileges and use them to change the color or description of their rival’s products so they get suspended for too many customers complaining about the item being “not as described.” They will exile their competitor’s listings to an unrelated category — say, move a product with a “Best Seller” badge in the office category to lawn care, taking the badge for themselves.

Source: Prime and Punishment

We Can Help

At Inovtech Service, we have proven experience helping brands mitigate the single seller risk.

In addition, we provide Amazon expertise – we’ll optimize listings and provide PPC services, and there’s no charge for those services. We’re happy to discuss further; give us a call at (281) 213-0116.

About Inovtech Services

Inovtech Services a digital retail agency with significant expertise in the Amazon marketplace and unlike typical marketing agencies who will charge you thousands of dollars in fees, we earn our income by purchasing your products wholesale and then reselling them – thereby ensuring that our interests are 100% aligned with yours.

If you want to maximize traffic and conversions on the (highly competitive) Amazon sales channel, your Amazon listings need to be top notch, with compelling images and copy.

Unfortunately, Amazon product listings operate like a wiki – in other words, anyone and everyone who sells your products on Amazon can submit suggested edits to your listings at any time.

There is a solution to this problem. Amazon’s Brand Registry enables the brand owner themselves to control the content of the listing, regardless of who the seller is. Without Brand Registry, the likelihood of your product getting traction and stealing market share from the competition is far lower.

If you want to know how to create really great content and then make sure no one else can change it after the fact, read on and we’ll walk you through it, step by step.

Product Content

To create a highly effective Amazon product listing, the following areas must be addressed:

• Product Title
• Images
• Bullet Points
• Description

Product Title

When it comes to SEO on Amazon, there is no content element with a greater impact on SEO than the product title.

In our experience, simply optimizing the product title alone can have a profound impact on how a product will rank in the Amazon Search Engine Results Pages (SERPs) – which in turn contributes to increased sales velocity – which in turn helps the product rank even higher in the SERPs.

This flywheel effect is huge, and the effectiveness (or lack thereof) of the product title can help to unleash it.

So how does one optimize the product title?

The first step is to take a look at existing marketing materials, read existing customer reviews, analyze features and benefits, and take a look at competing products.

The goal of this first step is to gain a broader perspective of the problems that this particular product solves, as well as the ways in which consumers describe these problems.

Armed with this perspective, you are now ready to dive into Keyword research.

In a nutshell, the goal of keyword research is to find the most relevant words and phrases that consumers would use to find this product, and then make use of these words and phrases in the product title.

Here’s an example of a highly optimized product title. Notice the placement of the brand name, as well as how they made full use of the maximum number of words allowed.

Product Images

The next most important aspect of a highly optimized Amazon product listing is the use of product images. Using the product above as an example, you’ll note the following things:

• They have used 9 images
• The first image complies with Amazon TOS in that it is a shot of ONLY the product on a white background
• All the other images are either lifestyle images or infographics

The reason that images are so vital is that a significant portion of consumers are shopping from their mobile phone and as a result, they are far more inclined to use the information in product images (vs the bullet points and description) to help them to decide to buy or not.

Knowing this, smart brands make use of these images to feature reviews, product benefits, and so much more.

Bullet Points

Next in line after images are the bullet points. As you can see in the image below, Amazon allows brands to use up to 5 bullet points to describe key features and benefits of the product.

While not nearly as effective for conversions as optimized images, these bullets points do play a role in SEO, and as such, they should be carefully crafted to include relevant keywords as well as features and benefits.

Product Description

And finally, we have the product description. Using the same product as an example, you can see that in the product description Amazon now allows brands to make use of what is called Enhanced Brand Content (EBC).

Here’s a screenshot of just a portion of this product’s EBC.

The product description is an ideal place for a brand to tell their story to prospective buyers.In addition to making use of EBC, we recommend the following guidelines for creating an optimized product description:

• Match the brand voice
• Elaborate on the title/bullets
• Repeat only the most powerful benefits from your bullet points
• If your product is particularly technical, use the description to lay out in plain English what the benefit is
  “With an ISO range of 100-6400 (expandable to 12800), you can shoot in low-light situations, reducing the need for a tripod or flash.”
• Use logical & powerful language
• Include common terms used by consumers
• Emphasize your differentiators – what makes your product better/different than others on Amazon? (part of a bundle, better quality, more colors, etc)
• Overcome objections
• Help shoppers imagine the experience of using your product
• Evoke emotion where possible
  “Savor the luxuriously deep and velvety dark chocolate combined with tangy cherry pieces and roasted almonds for a delightful crunch.”

Brand Registry

Now that you understand how to create a highly optimized Amazon product listing, we need to talk about how to keep it that way.

Enter Amazon’s Brand Registry service.

According to Amazon, over 60,000 brands are now registered, and on average, they are finding and reporting 99% fewer suspect infringements than before the service was launched.

Brand Registry provides a variety of benefits according to Amazon’s website, including those listed below:

1. Accurate brand representation

Brand Registry gives you more control over Amazon product pages that use your brand name, so customers are more likely to see the correct information associated with your brand.

2. Powerful search and report tools

Amazon simplifies the process of finding cases of potential infringement with custom features designed specifically for brands:

• Global search: search for content in different Amazon stores from the same screen without ever having to navigate away
• Image search: find product listings on Amazon that match your product(s) or logo(s) using images
• Bulk ASIN search: search for a list of ASINs or product URLs in bulk to explore and report potentially infringing content fast (plus enlarge image thumbnails in this tool for easier identification of infringers)
• Sort view of average customer ratings of ASINs to gauge popularity

After you complete your search, Brand Registry provides you with simple and guided workflows to submit a report of potential infringement that Amazon can review and take appropriate action on.

3. Additional proactive brand protections

In addition to Amazon’s standard proactive measures to protect customers, Brand Registry uses information that you provide about your brand to implement additional predictive protections that attempt to identify and remove potentially bad listings.

The more you tell Amazon’s Brand Registry team about your brand and its intellectual property, the more Amazon can help you protect your brand, for example:

• Product listings that aren’t for your brand and incorrectly use your trademarked terms in their titles
• Images that contain your logo, but are for products that don’t carry your brand name
• Sellers shipping products from countries in which you do not manufacture or distribute your brand
• Product listings being created with your brand name when you have already listed your full product catalog on Amazon

To see if you meet the eligibility requirements to enroll your brand(s) in Amazon Brand Registry, visit brandservices.amazon.com/eligibility.

How Do Your Products Compare?

So now that you understand how to create great content for your products, as well as how to keep others from changing it, the only question that remains is this: how does your current content compare to your competitors and is it good enough to allow you to gain the upper hand?

Next Steps

Want to learn more about partnering with us? Get in touch.